Posterior Spine
| Muscle
| Origin
| Insertion
| Action
|
| Semispinalis Thoracis
| Transverse process of T6-T10
| Spinous process of T1-T4;C6, C7
| Unilateral:rotates spine in opposite direction; Bilateral: extends spine
|
| Semispinalis Cervicis
| Transverse process of T1-T6
| Spinous process of C2-C5
| Unilateral:lateral Flexion; rotation to opposite side; Bilateral: Extension
|
| Semispinalis Capitis
| Transverse process of C7; T1-T6; Articular process of C4-C6
| Between suuperior and inferior lines of occipital bones
| Unilateral: lateral flexion rotation in opposite direction; Bilateral:extension
|
| Iliocostalis Lumborum
| Anterior surface of tendon attached to sacrum; Spinous process of L1-L5; T11-T12/ medial part of iliac crest
| Inferior borders of lower 6-7 ribs (T4 or T5-T10)
| Unilateral: lateral flexion; Bilateral:
|
| Iliocostalis Thoracis
| Superior borders of lower 6-7 ribs
| Upper 6-7 ribs; transverse process of C7
| Unilateral: lateral flexion of spine; Bilateral:extension
|
| Iliocostalis Cervicis
| Superior border of T3-T6
| Transverse processes of C4-C6
| Unilateral:Lateral flexion; Bilateral: Extension of spine
|
| Longissiumus Cervicis
| Transverse process of T1-T5
| Transverse process of C2-C6
| Unilateral:Lateral flexion of neck; Bilateral:Extension
|
| Longissimus capitis
| Transverse process of T1-T5, articular process of C4-C7
| Posterior part of mastoid process
| Unilateral: Lateral flexion of head; rotation to same side; Bilateral Extends head
|
| Spinalis Thoracis
| Spinous process of L1-L2; T11-T12
| Spinous process of T4-T8
| Unilateral:Lateral flexion; Bilateral:Extension
|
| Spinalis Cervicis
| Spinous process of C7, T1-T2
| Spinous process of C2-C4
| Unilateral: lateral flexion; Bilateral: extension
|
| Splenius Cervicis
| Spinous process of T3-T6
| Transverse process of C1-C4
| Unilateral: lateral flexion; rotation to same side; Bilatera: Extends neck and head
|
| Splenius capitis
| Spinous process of C7-T3
| Mastoid proceses
| Unilateral: Laterally flexes neck, rotation to same direction; Bilateral: extends head and neck
|
| Quadratus Lumborum (QL)
| Posterior part of iliac crest
| Inferior border of twelfth rib; transverse process of L1-L4
| Unilateral: Lateral flexion of lumbar vertebrae; diaphragm in inspiration
|